Key concepts in CS, feedback control, control strategies, automation, motion control, state space modelling, mathematical techniques for CS modelling and analysis, modelling in frequency domain, system stability, system response analysis, performance criteria in time domain, stability in state space, controllability and observability, state feedback, linear controllers, estimators and observers, regulators (P, PI, PD, PID), compensators design, dynamic response from state equations, adaptive control, robust control, technology and applications of modern CS, PLC and inverters.

Continuous-time (CT) and discrete-time (DT) signals; RLC circuits, system properties, linear systems, DT signal representation, properties of LTI systems and unit sample responses and properties of DT LTI systems, representation of CT signals with shifted unit impulses, magnitude/phase of transforms and frequency responses; ideal and nonideal frequency selective filters, DT processing of CT signals, superheterodyne receivers, DT sampling, decimation, and interpolation, feedback systems and their applications – root locus, tracking, disturbance rejection, inverted pendulum, causality and stability of DT LTI systems.

Digital systems and microprocessor organisation, basic combinational circuits, program execution flow, microprocessors in embedded systems, timers and counters, real-time software, specification, classical automata, finite state machines, microcontroller vs microprocessor and DSPs, LED display interfacing, intelligent LCD interfacing, optical encoder interfacing, analog output, ARM processor architecture, processor families, AD converter, centralised control systems, distributed control systems, dial-up applications, client-server applications, hardware support for internet.